Enhancing Healthcare Outcomes and Modulating Apoptosis- and Antioxidant-Related Genes through the Nano-Phytosomal Delivery of Phenolics Extracted from Allium ampeloprasum

The application of nano drug delivery systems, particularly those utilizing natural bioactive compounds with anticancer properties, has gained significant attention. In this study, a novel nano-phytosome-loaded phenolic rich fraction (PRF) derived from Allium ampeloprasum L. was developed. antitumor activity the formulation evaluated in BALB/c mice TUBO colon carcinoma. PRF-loaded nano-phytosome (PRF-NPs) exhibited sphere-shaped structure (226 nm) and contained diverse range compounds. Animal trials conducted on tumor-bearing demonstrated that treatment PRF-NPs at dosage 50 mg TPC/Kg/BW resulted improvements body weight food intake, while reducing liver enzymes lipid peroxidation. expression apoptosis-related genes, such as Bax caspase-3, upregulated, whereas Bcl2 significantly downregulated (p < 0.05). Furthermore, GPx SOD genes notably increased compared to control group. findings suggest phytosomal encapsulation can enhance bioavailability phytochemicals improve their properties. development system holds promise for effective breast cancer treatment.